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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0006, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360917

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar se há mudança refracional significativa após realização de capsulotomia posterior com laser Nd:YAG em olhos pseudofácicos. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo com análise de prontuários de pacientes atendidos em um hospital com diagnóstico de opacificação de cápsula posterior do cristalino tratada com capsulotomia posterior com laser Nd:YAG no período de outubro de 2019 a março de 2021. A comparação entre a refração antes e após o procedimento foi realizada calculando-se o equivalente esférico. Também foi avaliada a mudança da acuidade visual, aferida por LogMAR. Resultados: Foram analisados 90 prontuários, totalizando 140 olhos, de pacientes submetidos à capsulotomia posterior com laser Nd:YAG. O equivalente esférico médio pré-procedimento foi de -0,07±0,89D, mínimo de -3,0D e máximo de +2,5D, mediana (intervalo interquartil) de 0,0D (-0,50D a +0,375D). A média pós-procedimento foi de -0,18±0,86D, mínimo de -3,5D e máximo de +2,25D, mediana (intervalo interquartil) de -0,125D (-0,50D a 0,0D). com p<0,0082. Dos 140 olhos, 66 sofreram miopização e 37 hipermetropização. A média de alteração do equivalente esférico geral foi de -0,12±0,51D, mínimo de -2,50D e máximo de +1,25D, mediana (intervalo interquartil) de 0,0D (-0,375D a +0,125D). Ao se comparar a diferença entre o equivalente esférico antes e após o procedimento do grupo de olhos que sofreu miopização (n=66) ou hipermetropização (n=37), separadamente, ambos obtiveram p<0,0001. Ao se compararem todos os olhos que sofreram alguma alteração refracional (n=103), foi encontrado p=0,008. A acuidade visual média pré-procedimento foi de 0,23±0,32, mínimo de 0,0 e máximo de 2,3. Pós-procedimento, a média foi de 0,06±0,13, mínimo de -0,12 e máximo de 0,7, com p<0,0001. Conclusão: A capsulotomia posterior com laser Nd:YAG gerou melhora significativa da acuidade visual nos pacientes do estudo, porém também gerou alteração refracional significativa após o procedimento, tanto para miopização (a mais frequente), quanto para hipermetropização.


ABSTRACT Objective: To identify if there is a significant change on refraction after Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in pseudophakic eyes. Methods: A retrospective study with analysis of medical records of patients treated at a hospital, with diagnosis of opacification of posterior lens capsule treated with Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy, from October 2019 to March 2021. The comparison of refraction before and after the procedure was performed by calculating the spherical equivalent. Changes in visual acuity (VA), measured by LogMAR, were also evaluated. Results: A total of 90 medical records (140 eyes) of patients submitted to Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy were analysed. The mean pre-procedure spherical equivalent was -0.07±0.89D, minimum of -3.0D and maximum of +2.5D, median (interquartile range) of 0.0D (-0.50D to +0.375D). The post-procedure mean was -0.18±0.86D, minimum of -3.5D and maximum of +2.25D, median (interquartile range) of -0.125D (-0.50D to 0.0D), with p <0.0082. Of the 140 eyes, 66 underwent myopia and 37 hyperopia, the mean change in the general spherical equivalent was -0.12±0.51D, minimum -2.50D and maximum +1.25D, median (interquartile range) of 0.0D (-0.375D to +0.125D). When comparing the difference between the spherical equivalent before and after the procedure of the group of eyes that underwent myopia (n=66) or hyperopia (n=37), separately, both obtained p<0.0001. When comparing all eyes that suffered any change on refraction (n=103), the p value was 0.008. The mean pre-procedure visual acuity was 0.23±0.32, minimum of 0.0 and maximum of 2.3. After the procedure, the mean was 0.06±0.13, minimum of -0.12 and maximum of 0.7, p<0.0001. Conclusion: Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy significantly improved visual acuity of patients in this study; however, it also led to a significant change on refraction after the procedure, both for myopization, which was more frequent, and for hyperopization.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Refraction, Ocular , Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use , Posterior Capsulotomy/adverse effects , Posterior Capsulotomy/methods , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Medical Records , Retrospective Studies , Phacoemulsification/adverse effects , Pseudophakia/surgery , Laser Therapy/methods , Capsule Opacification/surgery , Capsule Opacification/etiology
2.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(3): 183-187, May-June 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950460

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: This report describes the use of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty for the management of endothelial decompensation after multifocal intraocular lens implantation. Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed and assessed the surgical outcomes of 9 patients (9 eyes) who underwent Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty after multifocal intraocular lens implantation. Results: Corneal edema occurred due to Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (n=3), pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (n=3), Descemet's membrane detachment (n=2), and toxic anterior segment syndrome (n=1). The Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty surgeries were uneventful in all eyes, but rebubbling procedures were necessary in 2 eyes. One month after the surgery, all the corneas were clear. After 6 months, excluding 1 eye with amblyopia, the mean distance corrected visual acuity was 0.10 logMAR, with all eyes achieving 0.18 logMAR or better. Conclusions: This is the first report of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty after multifocal intraocular lens implantation, and it suggests that good results can be achieved without multifocal intraocular lens exchange.


RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o uso da ceratoplastia endotelial da membrana de Descemet para manejar descompensação endotelial após implante de lente intraocular multifocal. Métodos: Neste estudo retrospectivo, foram revisados e avaliados os resultados cirúrgicos de 9 olhos de 9 pacientes que foram submetidos a ceratoplastia endotelial da membrana de Descemet para manejar descompensação endotelial após implante de lente intraocular multifocal. Resultados: Descompensação endotelial ocorreu por distrofia endotelial de Fuchs (n=3), ceratopatia bolhosa do pseudofácico (n=3), descolamento da membrana de Descemet (n=2) e síndrome tóxica do segmento anterior (n=1). No ato per operatório de todos os olhos não houve intercorrência, com injeção de ar sendo necessário em dois olhos no pós-operatório por descolamento parcial do enxerto. Um mês após a cirurgia, todas as córneas estavam claras. Após seis meses, excluindo um olho com ambliopia, a acuidade visual média corrigida para longe foi de 0,10 logMAR, com todos os olhos atingindo 0,18 logMAR ou melhor. Conclusões: Este é o primeiro relato de ceratoplastia endotelial da membrana de Descemet após implante de lente intraocular multifocal, sugerindo que bons resultados podem ser alcançados sem a troca da lente intraocular multifocal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pseudophakia/surgery , Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty/methods , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Pseudophakia/etiology , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects
3.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 75(3): 218-222, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787700

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: For nearly a century, penetrating keratoplasty has been the surgical technique of choice in the management of corneal changes. However, in recent years, several lamellar keratoplasty techniques have been developed, modified or improved, especially techniques for replacing the posterior portion, for the correction of bullous keratopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of endothelial keratoplasty versus penetrating keratoplasty for pseudophakic and aphakic bullous keratopathy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out, and the main electronic databases were searched. The date of the most recent search was from the inception of the electronic databases to December 11, 2015. Two authors independently selected relevant clinical trials, assessed their methodological quality and extracted data. Results: The electronic search yielded a total of 893 published papers from the electronic databases. Forty-four full-text articles were retrieved for further consideration. Of these 44 full-text articles, 33 were excluded because they were all case series studies; therefore, ten studies (with one further publication) met the inclusion criteria: one randomized clinical trial with two publications; three controlled studies; and six cohort studies. The clinical and methodological diversity found in the included studies meant that it was not possible to combine studies in a metaanalysis. Conclusions: There is no robust evidence that endothelial keratoplasty is more effective and safe than penetrating keratoplasty for improving visual acuity and decreasing corneal rejection for pseudophakic and aphakic bullous keratopathy. There is a need for further randomized controlled trials.


RESUMO Objetivo: Durante quase um século, a ceratoplastia penetrante tem sido a técnica cirúrgica de escolha no tratamento de doenças corneais. No entanto, nos últimos anos, têm sido desenvolvidas várias técnicas de transplante lamelar, especialmente modificadas ou aperfeiçoadas para substituir a porção posterior para a correção da ceratopatia bolhosa. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia e segurança da ceratoplastia endotelial quando comparada a ceratoplastia penetrante para a ceratopatia bolhosa afácica ou pseudofácica. Métodos: Uma revisão sistemática da literatura foi realizada, e as principais bases de dados eletrônicas foram pesquisadas. A data das bases de dados da última pesquisa foi 11 de dezembro de 2015. Dois autores selecionaram independentemente os estudos relevantes, avaliaram sua qualidade metodológica e extraíram os dados. Resultados: A busca eletrônica resultou em um total de 893 artigos publicados a partir das bases de dados eletrônicas. Quarenta e quatro artigos de texto completos foram recuperados para uma análise mais aprofundada. Destes 44 artigos de texto completos, 33 foram excluídos por serem estudos de séries de casos, portanto, dez estudos (com uma publicação adicional) preencheram os critérios de inclusão: um ensaio clínico randomizado, três estudos controlados e seis estudos de corte. A diversidade clínica e metodológica encontrada nos estudos incluídos tornou impossível combinar os resultados em uma metaanálise. Conclusões: Não há evidencias robustas de que a ceratoplastia endotelial é mais eficaz e segura do que o transplante penetrante de córnea para melhorar a acuidade visual e diminuir a rejeição da córnea na ceratopatia bolhosa afácica ou pseudofácica. Há necessidade de mais estudos controlados, randomizados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Endothelium, Corneal/transplantation , Corneal Transplantation/methods , Corneal Diseases/surgery , Aphakia, Postcataract/surgery , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Cohort Studies , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/methods , Pseudophakia/surgery , Systematic Review , Lenses, Intraocular
4.
Clinics ; 65(5): 459-468, 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-548625

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To assess the influence of Nd:YAG (neodymium: yttrium-aluminum- garnet) laser unilateral posterior capsulotomy on visual acuity and patients' perception of difficulties with vision-related activities of daily life. METHODS: We conducted an interventional survey that included 48 patients between 40 and 80 years of age with uni- or bilateral pseudophakia, posterior capsule opacification, and visual acuity <0.30 (logMAR) in one eye who were seen at a Brazilian university hospital. All patients underwent posterior capsulotomy using an Nd:YAG laser. Before and after the intervention, patients were asked to complete a questionnaire that was developed in an exploratory study. RESULTS: Before posterior capsulotomy, the median visual acuity (logMAR) of the included patients was 0.52 (range 0.30-1.60). After posterior capsulotomy, the median visual acuity of the included patients improved to 0.10 (range 0.0-0.52). According to the subjects' perceptions, their ability to perform most of their daily life activities improved after the intervention (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: After patients underwent posterior capsulotomy with an Nd:YAG laser, a significant improvement in the visual acuity of the treated eye was observed. Additionally, subjects felt that they experienced less difficulty performing most of their vision-dependent activities of daily living.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Activities of Daily Living , Capsule Opacification/surgery , Cataract Extraction/methods , Laser Therapy/methods , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/surgery , Visual Acuity/physiology , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Capsule Opacification/physiopathology , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use , Pseudophakia/physiopathology , Pseudophakia/surgery , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires , Treatment Outcome
5.
JCPSP-Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 2010; 20 (8): 524-527
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-111016

ABSTRACT

To determine the frequency of raised intraocular pressure [IOP] after Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy and its association with the energy used with raised versus normal intraocular pressure in pseudophakes. Comparative, cross-sectional study. Ophthalmology Department, PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi, from August 2008 to February 2009. Pseudophakes having poor vision due to posterior capsular opacification [PCO] in an otherwise normal looking eye and intraocular pressure between 10-20 mmHg were included in the study. Patients with diabetic retinopathy, corneal diseases, inflammatory eye diseases, posterior segment surgery, glucoma, trabeculectomy, maculopathy and any systemic disease were excluded from the study. Particulars of the eligible patients and pre-laser intraocular pressure were entered in specially designed proforma. Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy was done. Laser energy used was noted and then their post-laser intraocular pressure was checked after 4 hours. Unpaired t-test was used for comparison of means of IOP and energy levels. Chi-square test was applied to compare the proportions of patients with raised and the normal IOP with YAG laser energy used during posterior capsulotomy. Raised intraocular pressure IOP >/= 5 mmHg from the baseline] after Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy was noted in both the low energy and the 'high energy' groups but it was more common in the high energy group [p < 0.001, r=0.512]. Higher YAG laser energy has significantly higher chances of raising IOP. Hence, it was recommended that each patient undergoing Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy should receive minimum possible laser energy and must be followed up for raised intraocular pressure


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Lasers, Solid-State , Pseudophakia/surgery , Ocular Hypertension/etiology , Postoperative Period
6.
Professional Medical Journal-Quarterly [The]. 2009; 16 (3): 410-413
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-100121

ABSTRACT

To measure the rise in intraocular pressure after neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet [Nd:YAG] Laser capsulotomy in pseudophakic patients aged 50 years and above. Prospective study. Study was done from May 2005 to Dec 2005. [Eight months duration] Eye department Military Hospital Rawalpindi. A total of 100 patients, presenting in Eye department, Military Hospital Rawalpindi, fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. With a minimum number of bursts of 3.6 mj / shot energy level with Nd: YAG laser, a 3 to 4 mm hole in the posterior capsule was created. The intraocular pressure was measured 1 hour, 3 hours, 1 day and 1 week after the laser. The rise in intraocular pressure was noticed in 6 [6%] patients after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. Five out of six patients had fibrous type of posterior capsular opacification while one patient had Elschnig's pearl. Male to female Ratio was 7:3. Our findings suggest that the rise in intraocular pressure is an infrequent complication of Nd:YAG Laser capsulotomy


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Lasers, Solid-State , Lasers, Solid-State/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Pseudophakia/surgery , Pseudophakia/therapy
7.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 71(5): 706-710, set.-out. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-497225

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar e comparar os efeitos dos agentes hipotensores tópicos, sobre a pressão intra-ocular (PIO), após capsulotomia posterior com laser Nd:YAG em olhos pseudofácicos de indivíduos não-portadores de glaucoma. MÉTODOS: Cento e quarenta e cinco olhos pseudofácicos foram submetidos à capsulotomia por laser Nd:YAG. Antes da capsulotomia, foram instilados hipotensores: apraclonidina 1 por cento (n=21), brimonidina 0,2 por cento (n=20), dorzolamida 2 por cento (n=23), latanoprosta 0,005 por cento (n=20), pilocarpina 2 por cento (n=20) e timolol 0,50 por cento (n=20). Grupo controle (n=21) recebeu placebo. A PIO foi medida de forma mascarada, 1 hora antes da capsulotomia, 1 e 2 horas após o procedimento. Caso a pressão estivesse maior que 20 mmHg, seria medida após 4 e 24 horas. A capsulotomia foi executada com lente de Abraham, anestesia tópica e com YAG laser. A PIO foi medida com tonômetro de aplanação de Goldmann. Seria considerado hipertensão ocular se o aumento da pressão intra-ocular estivesse acima de 4 mmHg quando comparada aos valores do período de pré-procedimento a laser. A energia média empregada foi de 2,1 ± 1 mJ. RESULTADOS: A PIO pré-procedimento não diferiu estatisticamente entre os grupos. A PIO média de 1h (11,9 ± 3,8) e 2 horas (11,5 ± 3,0) do grupo tratado foi estatisticamente significante inferior à do grupo controle (12,6 ± 2,8) (p=0,001). Para as demais medidas não foram observadas diferenças significantes. Após 2 horas, houve aumento porcentual médio ( por cento) de PIO de 8,7 ± 19,1 por cento (13,5 ± 3,2 mmHg) no grupo controle e de 1,2 ± 26,3 por cento (12,5 ± 3,6 mmHg) no grupo pilocarpina. Para os demais grupos, às 2 horas, observou-se redução porcentual de PIO, nos grupos tratados com apraclonidina de -24,7 ± 15,5 por cento (9,8 ± 2,6 mmHg), brimonidina de -8,9 ± 15,5 por cento (10,1 ± 1,7 mmHg), dorzolamida de -6,9 ± 20,3 por cento (12,1 ± 2,8 mmHg), latanoprosta de -0,4 ± 25,9 por cento (12,1 ± 2,9 mmHg)...


PURPOSE: To analyze and compare the effects on intraocular pressure (IOP) of several topic hypotensive agents after posterior capsulotomy with Nd:YAG laser in non glaucoma patients. METHODS: 145 pseudophakic eyes underwent to Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. Before capsulotomy. 21 were treated with apraclonidine, 20 with brimonidine, 23 with dorzolamide, 20 with latanoprost, 20 with pilocarpine, and 20 with timolol. Controls (21 eyes) received placebo. IOP measurements (Goldmann applanation tonometry) were taken under masked conditions 1 hour before procedure and after 1 and 2 hours. If postoperative PIO was above 20 mmHg its measurements were extended to 4 and 24 hours. Capsulotomy was performed with Abraham lens, under topic anesthetic, using Nd:YAG laser. Ocular hypertension would be considered if the IOP had suffered an increase of 4 mmHg above the initial. Mean total energy used was 2.1 ± 1 mJ. RESULTS: The preoperative IOP did not differ statistically among groups. Mean IOPs of treated eyes 1h (11.9 ± 3.8) and 2h (11.5 ± 3.0) were statistically lower than IOP compared with control group (12,6 ± 2,8) (p=0.001). There were no statistically significant differences for the other measurements. Control and pilocarpine had a percentual IOP increase after 2 hours of 8.7 ± 19.1 percent (13.5 ± 3.2 mmHg) and 1.2 ± 26.3 percent (12.5 ± 3.6 mmHg) respectively. Mean percentual postoperative IOP reduction was detected in the apraclonidine group -24.7 ± 15.5 percent (9.8 ± 2.6 mmHg), in the brimonidine group -8.9 ± 15.5 percent (10.1 ± 1.7 mmHg), in the dorzolamide group -6.9 ± 20.3 percent (12.1 ± 2.8 mmHg), in the latanoprost group -0.4 ± 25.9 percent (12.1 ± 2.9 mmHg) and in timolol group -16.2 ± 14.1 percent (10.3 ± 1.7 mmHg). These differences were statistically significant (p=0.001). There was no significant difference between frequencies of hypertension (p=0.148). CONCLUSION: Apraclonidine caused higher hypotensive effect after capsulotomy...


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Intraocular Pressure/drug effects , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/surgery , Ocular Hypertension/prevention & control , Pseudophakia/surgery , Tonometry, Ocular
8.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 71(1): 75-78, jan.-fev. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-480022

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar se a opacificação de cápsula posterior (OCP) influenciaria na análise da camada de fibras nervosas pela polarimetria "scanning laser" (GDx). MÉTODOS: Trinta e sete pacientes pseudofácicos não glaucomatosos foram submetidos a análise da camada de fibras nervosas pelo GDx antes e após a realização de capsulotomia com Nd:YAG laser. RESULTADOS: Em cinco olhos, o GDx não conseguiu imagens aceitáveis pelos parâmetros de aquisição do aparelho. Em todos os outros, não foi observada diferença significante entre os valores médios das variáveis antes e após a realização da capsulotomia posterior. CONCLUSÃO: A presença de OCP em graus moderados e/ou quando há imagens aceitáveis em pacientes pseudofácicos não influencia o resultado da análise das imagens das fibras do nervo óptico pelo GDx. Apenas intensos graus de OCP que impeçam a obtenção de imagem analisável pelo aparelho inviabilizam o exame.


PURPOSE: To evaluate if posterior capsule opacification (PCO) would alter the analysis of nerve fiber layer using the scanning laser polarimetry (GDx). METHODS: Pseudophakic non-glaucomatosous eyes (37 patients) underwent nerve fiber layer analysis using GDx before and after posterior capsulotomy with Nd:YAG Laser. RESULTS: In five eyes, GDx did not obtain acceptable images using the device's parameters of acquisition. In the others, mean variable values did not reach significant difference before and after posterior capsulotomy. CONCLUSION: Moderate degrees of PCO and/or acceptable images in pseudophakic patients do not alter the analysis of nerve fiber layer by GDx. Only intense degrees of PCO that hinder analyzable images make the examination impracticable.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Lasers , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/innervation , Nerve Fibers/pathology , Pseudophakia/pathology , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/pathology , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/surgery , Pseudophakia/surgery , Visual Field Tests
9.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 69(1): 91-95, jan.-fev. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-420824

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Descrever e avaliar a utilizacão do Nd:Yag laser em criancas pseudofácicas. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados prospectivamente 24 olhos de 22 pacientes pseudofácicos no Servico de Catarata Congênita da Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina, no período de junho de 2001 a marco de 2003, com opacidade da cápsula posterior, submetidos à capsulotomia posterior com Nd:Yag laser. Analisamos a idade na cirurgia, tipo de cirurgia, tipo e localizacão da lente intra-ocular, tempo entre a cirurgia e a opacidade capsular posterior, o número de sessões, energia utilizada, lateralidade, acuidade visual pré e pós- Nd:Yag laser. RESULTADOS: Todos os 24 olhos pseudofácicos foram submetidos a capsulotomia posterior com Nd:Yag laser. Destes, quatro (16,6 por cento) apresentavam lente intra-ocular acrílica e 18 (75 por cento) de PMMA. Sendo 12 LIOs no saco capsular e nove no sulco ciliar. A energia utilizada foi de 0,8mJ a 2mJ por disparo, total de 100mJ por sessão. A utilizacão do Nd:Yag laser mostrou-se viável em 22 (91,6 por cento) olhos. Em dois (8,3 por cento) olhos houve necessidade de capsulotomia cirúrgica. CONCLUSAO: Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a capsulotomia com Nd:Yag laser possa ser boa opcão para a obtencão da transparência do eixo visual e melhora da qualidade visual em criancas pseudofácicas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Cataract/congenital , Laser Therapy , Lenses, Intraocular/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Pseudophakia/surgery , Lens Capsule, Crystalline , Laser Coagulation/methods , Prospective Studies , Visual Acuity
10.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2000 Sep; 48(3): 235-6
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-71774

ABSTRACT

There is an increasing demand for refractive surgery stemming from a heightened awareness among patients wearing spectacles or contact lenses. Cosmetic or occupational reasons prompt patients to seek the alternative option of refractive surgery.


Subject(s)
Adult , Anterior Chamber/surgery , Cornea/pathology , Corneal Diseases/etiology , Humans , Hyperopia/surgery , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Male , Prognosis , Pseudophakia/surgery , Reoperation , Visual Acuity
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